Revision: April 30, 2024, 12:29 p.m.
HB 318-FN-A - AS AMENDED BY THE HOUSE
3Jan2024... 2460h
11Apr2024... 1404h
2023 SESSION
23-0431
04/10
HOUSE BILL 318-FN-A
SPONSORS: Rep. Lynn, Rock. 17; Rep. Alexander Jr., Hills. 29
COMMITTEE: Criminal Justice and Public Safety
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AMENDED ANALYSIS
This bill:
I. Establishes magistrates and provides them duties and requirements.
II. Makes various amendments governing the standards applicable to and the administration of bail.
III. Establishes an electronic monitoring program for certain criminal defendants and provides various appropriations to allow for the development and implementation of such a program.
IV. Makes amendments to the amount of the bail commissioner's fee and makes other amendments to the duties and educational requirements for bail commissioners.
V. Establishes a judicial training coordinator and establishes training requirements for judges and certain judicial employees.
VI. Makes additional appropriations to the judicial branch.
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Explanation: Matter added to current law appears in bold italics.
Matter removed from current law appears [in brackets and struckthrough.]
Matter which is either (a) all new or (b) repealed and reenacted appears in regular type.
3Jan2024... 2460h
11Apr2024... 1404h 23-0431
04/10
STATE OF NEW HAMPSHIRE
In the Year of Our Lord Two Thousand Twenty Three
Be it Enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in General Court convened:
1 New Chapter; Magistrates. Amend RSA by inserting after chapter 491-A the following new chapter:
CHAPTER 491-B
MAGISTRATES
491-B:1 Appointment and qualifications. The chief justice of the supreme court, in consultation with the chief justice of the superior court and the administrative judge of the circuit court, shall appoint at least 10 magistrates, subject to appropriation by the legislature. Such magistrates shall serve at such locations as the chief justice of the supreme court may determine under this chapter. Magistrates shall be judicial branch employees.
491-B:2 Duties.
I. At the discretion of the chief justice of the supreme court, in consultation with the chief justice of the superior court and the administrative judge of the circuit court, magistrates may have the following powers:
(a) To determine the release or detention of defendants on all days of the week and at all times of day pursuant to RSA 597:2;
(b) To conduct arraignment hearings and issue decisions on arraignments;
(c) To conduct bail hearings and issue decisions on bail and other decisions regarding release or detention of persons pending trial pursuant to RSA 597:2;
(d) To issue arrest warrants or other processes of arrest;
(e) To issue search warrants;
(f) To administer oaths and affirmations; and
(g) To perform such other acts or functions specifically authorized by the chief justice of the supreme court not inconsistent with the New Hampshire constitution or any state or federal laws.
II. Magistrates may only perform the powers listed in paragraph I(b) through I(g) if they are licensed to practice law in the state of New Hampshire.
III. The magistrates shall provide to any person bailed by the magistrate pursuant to the authority granted by this chapter information on local services that are available to the person relating to homelessness, hunger, mental health, and substance use issues.
491-B:3 Bail Payments.
I. If bail is being determined pursuant to RSA 597:2, I where the person seeking bail is physically present at a state courthouse, bail payments may be in the form of cash or non-cash electronic form as established by rule or order of the supreme court.
II. If bail is being determined pursuant to RSA 597:2, I where the person seeking bail is not physically present at a state courthouse, bail payments shall be accepted in any non-cash electronic form as established by rule or order of the supreme court.
2 Arrests in Criminal Cases; Release or Detention; Place and Time of Detention. Amend RSA 594:20-a, I to read as follows:
I. When a person is arrested with or without a warrant, he or she may be committed to a county correctional facility, to a police station or other place provided for the detention of offenders, or otherwise detained in custody. The person shall be taken to appear before a magistrate, circuit court, or a superior court in the case of felony complaints and misdemeanors and violation level charges that are directly related to those felonies, without unreasonable delay, to answer for the offense. All persons shall appear no later than 24 hours after arrest[, or no later than 36 hours after arrest if arrested between 8:00 a.m. and 1:00 p.m. and the person's attorney is unable to attend an arraignment on the same day, Saturdays, Sundays, and holidays excepted]. In the case of a person arrested when the court is not open within the next 24 hours, a decision on bail shall be made by a magistrate within 24 hours of the arrest.
3 Bail and Recognizances; Review and Appeal of Release or Detention Order. Amend RSA 597:6-e to read as follows:
597:6-e Review and Appeal of Release or Detention Order.
I. If a person is ordered released by a bail commissioner or magistrate, the person, or the state, shall be entitled to a hearing, if requested, on the conditions of bail before a justice within 48 hours, Sundays and holidays excepted.
II. Subject to RSA 597:2, X and XI, the person or the state may file with the superior court a motion for revocation of the order or amendment of the conditions of release set by a municipal or district court, by a justice or magistrate, or by a bail commissioner. The motion shall be determined promptly. However, no action shall be taken on any such motion until the moving party has provided to the superior court certified copies of the complaint, affidavit, warrant, bail slip, and any other court orders relative to each charge for which a release or detention order was issued by a justice, or a bail commissioner. In cases where a district court justice has made a finding, pursuant to RSA 597:2, IV that the person poses a danger to another, the superior court shall, after notification to both parties, the police department that brought the charges in district court, and the victim, conduct a hearing and make written findings supporting any modifications and reasons for new conditions or changes from the district court order. The reviewing court shall take into consideration the district court's written findings, orders, pleadings, or transcript when making a modification.
III. The person, or the state pursuant to RSA 606:10, V, may appeal to the supreme court from a court's release or detention order, or from a decision denying revocation or amendment of such an order. The appeal shall be determined promptly.
4 Bail and Recognizances; Detention and Sanctions for Default or Breach Conditions. Amend RSA 597:7-a, I to read as follows:
I. A peace officer may detain an accused until [he] the accused can be brought before a justice or magistrate if [he] the peace officer has a warrant issued by a justice for default of recognizance or for breach of conditions of release or if [he] the peace officer witnesses a breach of conditions of release. The accused shall be brought before a justice or magistrate for a bail revocation hearing within [48] 24 hours[, Saturdays, Sundays and holidays excepted].
5 Bail and Recognizances; Release of a Defendant Pending Trial. Amend RSA 597:2, I-IV to read as follows:
I. Except as provided in paragraph III or VI, upon the appearance before the court or magistrate of a person charged with an offense, the court or magistrate shall issue an order that, pending arraignment or trial, the person be:
(a) Released on his or her personal recognizance or upon execution of an unsecured appearance bond, pursuant to the provisions of paragraph III;
(b) Released on a condition or combination of conditions pursuant to the provisions of paragraph III;
(c) Detained; or
(d) Temporarily detained to permit revocation of conditional release pursuant to the provisions of paragraph VIII.
I-a. The court shall have the authority under paragraph I to set a cash bail amount only if it is an amount which the defendant is able to meet.
II. Except as provided in RSA 597:1-d, a person charged with a probation violation shall be entitled to a bail hearing. The court or magistrate shall issue an order that, pending a probation violation hearing, the person be:
(a) Released on his or her personal recognizance or upon execution of an unsecured appearance bond, pursuant to the provisions of paragraph III;
(b) Released on a condition or combination of conditions pursuant to the provisions of paragraph III; or
(c) Detained.
III. When considering whether to release or detain a person, the court, magistrate, or, if applicable, a bail commissioner shall consider the following issues:
(a) Safety of the public or the defendant.
(1) Except as provided in RSA 597:1-c, a person who is charged with homicide under RSA 630; first degree assault under RSA 631:1; second degree assault under RSA 631:2; felony level domestic violence under RSA 631:2-b; aggravated felonious sexual assault under RSA 632-A:2; felonious sexual assault under RSA 632-A:3; kidnapping under RSA 633:1; felony level stalking under RSA 633:3-a, VI(a); trafficking in persons under RSA 633:7; robbery under RSA 636:1, III; possession, manufacture, or distribution of child sexual abuse images under RSA 649-A; or computer pornography and child exploitation under RSA 649-B; shall not be brought before a bail commissioner and shall, upon arrest, be detained pending arraignment before the court. Arraignment shall occur no later than 24 hours after the arrest. In the case of a person arrested when the court is not open within the next 24 hours, a decision on bail shall be made by a magistrate within 24 hours of the arrest. At the person’s appearance before the court or magistrate, the court or magistrate shall order that the person be detained pending trial if the court or magistrate determines that there is substantial evidence to believe that release of the person is a danger to that person or the public. For purposes of this subparagraph, "substantial evidence" shall be more than a preponderance of evidence and less than clear and convincing evidence. In determining whether release will endanger the safety of that person or the public, the court or magistrate may consider all relevant and material factors presented pursuant to paragraph IV. If the court or magistrate does not find that there is substantial evidence that the person must be detained, the court or magistrate shall order the person released pursuant to subparagraph I(a) or subparagraph I(b), or, if applicable, temporarily detained pursuant to subparagraph I(d). In any case where a protective order is issued by the court or magistrate related to any of the crimes listed in this subparagraph, a person may be released only with electronic monitoring in order to ensure the safety of any alleged victim. Any violation of the conditions of the release with electronic monitoring shall be immediately reported to the law enforcement agency in the jurisdiction where the violation occurred, which, if there is probable cause to establish such violation, shall cause the person to be arrested forthwith. A person arrested for violating the conditions of his or her bail for an offense listed in this subparagraph shall be held until they can be brought before the court at the first available date. If at a subsequent hearing, the court finds probable cause exists that the person violated the conditions of his or her bail for any of the crimes listed in this subparagraph, such violation shall be prima facie evidence of dangerousness and the defendant shall be held pending trial. The court may order reimbursement of the cost of electronic monitoring to the county in accordance with the provisions in paragraph VI(b).
(2) If a person is charged with any other criminal offense, [an offense listed in RSA 173-B:1, I, or a violation of a protective order under RSA 458:16, III, or after arraignment, is charged with a violation of a protective order issued under RSA 173-B,] the court or magistrate may order preventive detention without bail, or, in the alternative, may order restrictive conditions including but not limited to electronic monitoring and supervision, only if the court or magistrate determines by clear and convincing evidence that release will endanger the safety of that person or the public, except as provided in paragraph VI. In determining whether release will endanger the safety of that person or the public, the court or magistrate may consider all relevant factors presented pursuant to paragraph IV. The court shall have the authority to set a cash bail amount only if it is an amount which the defendant is able to meet.
(b) Assuring the court appearance of charged persons.
(1) The court or magistrate shall order the pre-arraignment or pretrial release of the person on his or her personal recognizance, or upon execution of an unsecured appearance bond in an amount specified by the court or magistrate, or cash or corporate surety bail, subject to the condition that the person not commit a crime during the period of his or her release, and subject to such further condition or combination of conditions that the court or magistrate may require unless the court or magistrate determines by a preponderance of the evidence that such release will not reasonably assure the appearance of the person as required.
(2) If the court or magistrate determines by a preponderance of the evidence that a person has failed to appear on any previous matter charged as a felony, class A misdemeanor, or driving or operating while impaired, or a reasonably equivalent offense in an out-of-state jurisdiction, 3 or more times within the past 5 years, or twice on the present case, there shall be a rebuttable presumption that release will not reasonably assure the appearance of the person as required.
(3) In determining the amount of the unsecured appearance bond or cash or corporate surety bail, the court or magistrate may consider all relevant factors bearing upon a person's ability to post bail.
(4) The court or magistrate shall not impose a financial condition that will result in the pretrial detention of a person solely as a result of that financial condition unless the court or magistrate determines by clear and convincing evidence that the nature of the allegations presents a substantial risk that the person will not appear and that no reasonable alternative will assure the person's appearance. The defendant shall be afforded the opportunity to be heard.
(c) Failure of a person to abide by previous bail conditions. If there is probable cause to believe that, while on release pending resolution of a previous offense, the person committed a felony, or if there is probable cause to believe that a person is on release pending resolution of a previous offense, and thereafter was arrested and released pending the resolution of a second offense, and has committed an additional class A misdemeanor[,] or driving or operating while impaired, the person shall be detained for no more than 24 hours for a bail hearing before a magistrate or the court. Upon appearance in front of a magistrate or the court for a person detained under this section, there shall be a rebuttable presumption that the person will not abide by a condition that the person not commit a new offense. The court or magistrate shall not impose a financial condition that will result in the pretrial detention of the person solely as a result of that financial condition unless the court or magistrate determines by clear and convincing evidence after a hearing that no reasonable alternative or combination of conditions will assure that the person will not commit a new offense. The court or magistrate may consider any relevant factors in making its determination.
IV.(a) Evidence in support of preventive detention shall be made by offer of proof at the initial appearance before the court or magistrate. At that time, the defendant may request a subsequent bail hearing where live testimony is presented to the court.
(b) At any subsequent hearing, such testimony may be presented via video conferencing, unless the court determines that witness testimony in court is necessary. A request by the defendant for in-court testimony shall be made by oral motion at the initial hearing or by written motion prior to any subsequent hearing. Any order granting the defendant's request shall be distributed to the parties at least 48 hours prior to any subsequent hearing.
(c) There shall be a rebuttable presumption that an alleged victim of the crime shall not be required to testify at the bail hearing. Nothing in this section shall preclude an alleged victim from voluntarily testifying at such hearing or otherwise providing information to the court or magistrate. The state may present evidence of statements made in the course of an investigation through a law enforcement officer.
6 Bail and Recognizances; Release of a Defendant Pending Trial. Amend RSA 597:2, VI-IX to read as follows:
VI. If a person is charged with violation of a protective order issued under RSA 173-B or RSA 633:3-a[,]:
(a) The person shall be detained without bail pending arraignment by the court pursuant to RSA 173-B:9, I(a). Arraignment for a person charged with violation of a protective order issued under RSA 173-B or RSA 633:3-a shall not be heard by a magistrate.
(b) If the court releases the person, the court shall order electronic monitoring of the person while released.
(1) The county shall develop uniform criteria to evaluate and determine whether a person is indigent or not indigent for the purpose of the person's ability to repay the cost of electronic monitoring. Based on the criteria, the county shall render a finding of indigent or not indigent for the purpose of the person's ability to repay the cost of electronic monitoring.
(2) If the county finds that the person is not indigent for the purpose of repaying the cost of electronic monitoring, the county shall order that the person reimburse the county for payment of the cost of electronic monitoring. The county may extend the time period for repayment in its discretion to allow the person time to make the repayment, except that in no case shall the time period exceed one year from the date the case was closed.
(3) If the county finds that the person is indigent for the purpose of repaying the cost of electronic monitoring, the person shall not be liable to pay the cost of electronic monitoring.
(c) A law enforcement officer shall have probable cause to arrest any person who is released pursuant to this paragraph with electronic monitoring upon probable cause that the person has violated the monitoring conditions imposed by the court. The county employee or agent who is tasked with monitoring the released person shall inform the law enforcement agency in the appropriate jurisdiction of any violation of the monitoring conditions.
(d) Unless pursuant to a search warrant, a law enforcement officer shall not be provided access to any data associated with the electronic monitoring of the released person, including but not limited to location data, for any purpose other than the investigation of non-compliance with the monitoring conditions imposed by the court.
VII. In a release order issued pursuant to this section, the court or magistrate shall include a written statement that sets forth:
(a) All of the conditions to which the release is subject, in a manner sufficiently clear and specific to serve as a guide for the person's conduct; and
(b) The provisions of RSA 641:5, relative to tampering with witnesses and informants.
VIII. A person charged with an offense who is, or was at the time the offense was committed, on release pending trial for a felony or misdemeanor under federal or state law, release pending imposition or execution of sentence, appeal of sentence or conviction, or completion of sentence, for any offense under federal or state law; or probation or parole for any offense under federal or state law, except as provided in RSA 597:1-d, III, may be detained for a period of not more than 72 hours from the time of his or her arrest, excluding Saturdays, Sundays and holidays. The law enforcement agency making the arrest shall notify the appropriate court, probation or parole official, or federal, state, or local law enforcement official. Upon such notice, the court or magistrate shall direct the clerk to notify by telephone the department of corrections, division of field services, of the pending bail hearing. If the department fails or declines to take the person into custody during that period, the person shall be treated in accordance with the provisions of law governing release pending trial. Probationers and parolees who are arrested and fail to advise their supervisory probation officer or parole officer in accordance with the conditions of probations and parole may be subject to arrest and detention as probation and parole violators.
IX. Upon the appearance of a person charged with a class B misdemeanor, the court or magistrate shall issue an order that, pending arraignment, the person be released on his or her personal recognizance, unless the court or magistrate determines pursuant to paragraph III that such release will endanger the safety of the person or the public. The court or magistrate shall appoint an attorney to represent any indigent person charged with a class B misdemeanor denied release for the purpose of representing such person at any detention hearing.
7 New Paragraph; Bail and Recognizances; Release of a Defendant Pending Trial. Amend RSA 597:2 by inserting after paragraph X the following new paragraph:
XI. If a person is ordered to be released by a circuit court, the state may appeal only on the grounds of dangerousness to the superior court. Upon receipt of the intent to appeal, the circuit court shall detain the person pending resolution of the appeal. The appeal shall be filed in the superior court on the same day as the circuit court's notice of its decision in accordance with rules adopted by the court. The superior court shall hold a hearing on the appeal within 48 hours of the filing of the appeal, excluding weekends and holidays.
8 New Section; Bail and Recognizances; General Provisions; Electronic Monitoring. Amend RSA 597 by inserting after section 2-b the following new section:
597:2-c Electronic Monitoring Program to be Established.
I. In this section, "electronic monitoring" means tracking the location of an individual through the use of physical equipment or software that is capable of determining or identifying the monitored individual's presence or absence at a particular location, including but not limited to:
(a) Radio frequency signaling technology, which detects if the monitored individual is or is not at an approved location and notifies the monitoring agency of the time that the monitored individual either leaves the approved location or tampers with or removes the monitoring device; or
(b) Active or passive global positioning system technology, which detects the location of the monitored individual and notifies the monitoring agency of the monitored individual's location.
II. Each county shall obtain the ability to equip and monitor defendants who have been arrested and released on bail with electronic monitoring. The county may contract with a private company, enter into a memorandum of understanding with a government agency, or utilize its own personnel, subject to legislative appropriation, to obtain such ability to both equip and monitor. Each county may recover the cost of its electronic monitoring program through a charge to defendants who have been released on bail with electronic monitoring.
9 Appropriation; Department of Safety; Division of State Police and the New Hampshire Judicial Branch.
I. The sum of $750,000 is hereby appropriated in the fiscal year ending June 30, 2025, to the department of safety, division of state police, to develop and implement a system to electronically share an individual’s bail condition status with law enforcement.
II. The sum of $986,000 is hereby appropriated in the fiscal year ending June 30, 2025, to the judicial branch, to develop and implement a judicial branch bail data platform to enable electronic sharing of an individual's bail condition status with law enforcement.
III. The appropriations in paragraphs I and II shall not lapse. The governor is authorized to draw a warrant for said sums out of any money in the treasury not otherwise appropriated.
10 Bail and Recognizances; Bail Commissioners; Fees. Amend RSA 597:20 to read as follows:
597:20 Fees. The bail commissioners in such cases shall be entitled to a fee of [$40] $60. However, clerks of court or members of their staffs who are bail commissioners shall be entitled to collect such fee only when called while not on active duty. In jurisdictions where the bail commissioner is a full-time salaried police officer, constable, sheriff, deputy sheriff, state police employee, or anyone else authorized to execute police powers, such person shall not receive the fee established in this section, but instead such amount shall be remitted to the town or city in which the district court is situated. If the defendant is indigent, the fee shall be waived.
11 Bail and Recognizances; General Provisions; Determination of Indigence and Payment of Bail Commissioner Fee. Amend RSA 597:2-b to read as follows:
597:2-b Determination of Indigence and Payment of Bail Commissioner Fee.
I. The arresting officer, at the point of arrest, shall inform the offender of the availability of the services of the bail commissioner. [If the offender elects to utilize the bail commissioner's services and is not indigent, the offender shall pay the bail commissioner's fee directly to the bail commissioner. If the offender elects to utilize the services of the bail commissioner, but claims indigence, the court shall, to the extent of available funding, utilize all possible means to pay the bail commissioner's fee, and shall include written evidence of fee payment in the offender's case file.] In any case where the offender has been arrested for a crime of violence against an individual person, including any act of stalking or criminal threatening, and the bail commissioner determines that the offender may be released pending arraignment, the arresting agency shall attempt to contact the alleged victim for at least one hour to inform the alleged victim of the pending release and the conditions of bail. This contact may be either in-person or by telephone. If the alleged victim has not been reached within one hour of the bail commissioner's setting of the terms and conditions of release, the police shall immediately provide notice to the alleged victim through either telephonic voicemail or written notice left at the alleged victim's last known residence. The police shall document all efforts to contact the alleged victim and the time of the notification provided under this section. The offender shall not be released until the alleged victim has been notified, or one hour has elapsed from the time the bail commissioner set the terms and conditions of release, whichever is earlier.
I-a. On a monthly basis, the court shall pay each bail commissioner the fees as authorized by RSA 597:20 that each bail commissioner is entitled to from the previous month.
II. The court shall develop uniform criteria to evaluate and determine whether an offender is indigent or not indigent for the purpose of the offender's ability to [pay] repay the bail commissioner's fee. Based on the criteria, the court shall render a finding of indigent or not indigent for the purpose of the offender's ability to [pay] repay the bail commissioner's fee.
III. If the court finds that the offender is not indigent for the purpose of [paying] repaying the bail commissioner's fee, the court shall order that the offender [shall] reimburse the court for payment of the bail commissioner's fee. The court may extend the time period for such repayment in its discretion to allow the offender reasonable time to make the repayment, except that in no case shall the time period exceed one year from the date the case was closed.
IV. If the court finds that the offender is indigent for the purpose of [paying] repaying the bail commissioner's fee, the offender shall not be liable to pay the fee.
12 Bail and Recognizances; Bail Commissioners; Term and Identification Card. Amend RSA 597:17 to read as follows:
597:17 Term and Identification Card.
I. Bail commissioners shall be commissioned for 5 years and continue in office until their successors shall have qualified. A bail commissioner's appointment may be revoked for cause at any time during the term of his or her appointment by the chief justice of the supreme court or the chief justice's designee.
II. The chief justice of the superior court or the administrative judge of [the superior court or] the circuit court shall issue an identification card to each qualified bail commissioner in the state. The identification card shall be made of a durable material similar to that of a driver's license, and shall contain a photograph of the bail commissioner, the terms and dates of the bail commissioner's appointment, and any other information deemed necessary by the chief justice of the superior court or the administrative judge of the circuit court. The chief justice of the superior court or the administrative judge of the circuit court may enter into an agreement, through an interagency memorandum of understanding or any other appropriate mechanism, with the department of safety, division of motor vehicles to facilitate the production and issuance of the identification card.
13 New Chapter; Judicial Training. Amend RSA by inserting after chapter 490-J the following new chapter:
CHAPTER 490-K
JUDICIAL TRAINING
490-K:1 Judicial Training Coordinator.
A judicial training coordinator position shall be created on or before January 1, 2025, to work under the direction of the chief justice of the supreme court. The judicial training coordinator shall develop high quality judicial branch training and continuing education programs and work to provide judges, magistrates, bail commissioners, administrators, and court staff with a reasonable opportunity to fulfill any mandatory orientation and initial required training as well as continuing educational requirements.
490-K:2 Initial Judicial Training Requirements.
Any person who holds the position of judge or magistrate in this state, and all nonjudicial employees of the judicial branch with a hire date on or after July 1, 2025, shall complete a judicial orientation and training program within 3 months of hire, as directed by the chief justice of the supreme court. The minimum initial training for judges shall be as follows:
I. Orientation for new judges on procedures and functions of the applicable court and relevant procedural and substantive law;
II. Education for new judges on major legal subjects and practical skills needed by them and appropriate to the jurisdiction of the court in which they serve;
III. At least one hour of training devoted to the topics of legal and judicial ethics, professionalism, preventing implicit bias, mental health, and domestic violence.
490-K:3 Judicial Continuing Education Requirements.
Any person who holds the position of judge, magistrate, court administrator, clerk, or director of the administrative office of the court in this state, shall be required to complete continuing education as the chief justice of the supreme court directs:
I. Justices of the supreme court shall complete a minimum of 24 hours of continuing education each year.
II. Justices of the superior court shall complete a minimum of 24 hours of continuing education approved by the chief justice of the superior court each year.
III. All superior court clerks shall complete a minimum of 16 hours of continuing education approved by the chief justice of the superior court each year.
IV. All circuit court judges shall complete a minimum of 24 hours of continuing education approved by the administrative judge of the circuit court each year.
V. All circuit court clerks shall complete a minimum of 12 hours of continuing education approved by the administrative judge of the circuit court each year.
VI. Magistrates shall complete a minimum of 16 hours of continuing education approved by the chief justice of the supreme court each year.
VII. The director of the administrative office of the courts shall complete a minimum of 16 hours of continuing education approved by the chief justice of the supreme court each year.
14 Bail and Recognizances; Bail Commissioners; Educational Requirements for Bail Commissioners. RSA 597:18-a is repealed and reenacted to read as follows:
597:18-a Educational Requirements for Bail Commissioners.
I. The judicial training coordinator, in consultation with the chief justice of the superior court and the administrative judge of the circuit court, shall develop an education program to ensure that new bail commissioners are adequately trained and that existing bail commissioners have current information regarding the status of the laws affecting bail commissioners and the powers and duties of bail commissioners. This education program shall include the laws specific to bail and the conditions that may be imposed by the bail commissioners.
II. Upon appointment, each bail commissioner shall receive at least 16 hours of training. Training may be in person, remote, or on the job training by shadowing another bail commissioner for a period of time as determined by the courts.
III. Each bail commissioner shall undergo 8 hours of annual training that shall include any changes to the law made by the general court or as a result of court decisions. An updated copy of all laws concerning bail commissioners and a copy of the latest edition of the Bail Commissioner's Handbook shall be provided to each bail commissioner at this annual training.
IV. Bail commissioners shall be paid for time spent during training as follows:
(a) Bail commissioners shall be paid a $50 stipend for each 8 hour block of training. Any in person training requiring less that 8 hours shall nonetheless be paid for a minimum 8 hour block. Remote training less than 8 hours may be prorated based upon the $50 per 8 hour block standard.
(b) If the training for newly appointed bail commissioners exceeds 16 hours, the newly appointed bail commissioners shall not be paid for more than 2, 8-hour blocks.
15 New Section; Bail and Recognizances; Bail Commissioners; Duties. Amend RSA 597 by inserting after section 18-a the following new section:
597:18-b Duties.
I. The bail commissioners shall provide to any person bailed by the bail commissioner under this chapter information on local services that are available to the person relating to homelessness, hunger, mental health, and substance use issues.
II. The bail commissioners shall notify any person bailed by the bail commissioners under this chapter that any violations of a protective order are non-bailable.
I. The judicial branch shall determine the amount of funding needed in order to pay for the fees for bail commissioners and to establish the identification cards as directed in sections 10-12 and 14 of this act, and that amount is hereby appropriated in the fiscal year ending June 30, 2025 to the judicial branch.
II. The judicial branch shall determine the amount of funding needed to establish 10 new magistrates who will serve at such locations as the chief justice of the supreme court designates and who shall be empowered to perform certain judicial functions relative to bail, arraignments, and warrants, and that amount is hereby appropriated in the fiscal year ending June 30, 2025 to the judicial branch.
III. The appropriations in paragraphs I and II shall not lapse. The governor is authorized to draw a warrant for said sum out of any money in the treasury not otherwise appropriated.
I. Sections 9 and 16 of this act shall take effect July 1, 2024.
II. Sections 5, 6, 7, and 8 of this act shall take effect July 1, 2025.
III. The remainder of this act shall take effect January 2, 2025.
23-0431
Amended 4/30/24
HB 318-FN-A- FISCAL NOTE
AS AMENDED BY THE HOUSE (AMENDMENT #2024-1404h)
AN ACT relative to magistrates, bail commissioners, the standards applicable to and the administration of bail, and making appropriations.
FISCAL IMPACT: [ X ] State [ X ] County [ X ] Local [ ] None
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Estimated State Impact - Increase / (Decrease) | ||||||
| FY 2024 | FY 2025 | FY 2026 | FY 2027 | ||
Revenue | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | ||
Revenue Fund(s) | None
| |||||
Expenditures | $0 | $3,285,685 | $3,091,370 | $3,458,659 | ||
Funding Source(s) | General Fund
| |||||
Appropriations | $0 | In excess of $3,153,685 | $0 | $0 | ||
Funding Source(s) | General Fund
| |||||
• Does this bill provide sufficient funding to cover estimated expenditures? [X] Yes • Does this bill authorize new positions to implement this bill? [X] Yes | ||||||
| ||||||
Estimated Political Subdivision Impact - Increase / (Decrease) | ||||||
| FY 2024 | FY 2025 | FY 2026 | FY 2027 | ||
County Revenue | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | ||
County Expenditures | $0 | Indeterminable Increase | Indeterminable Increase | Indeterminable Increase | ||
Local Revenue | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | ||
Local Expenditures | $0 | Indeterminable Increase | Indeterminable Increase | Indeterminable Increase | ||
METHODOLOGY:
This bill:
The Judicial Branch provided the following estimates of the fiscal impact of the bill based on the effective dates:
Judaical Branch Expenditures | FY 2025 | FY 2026 | FY 2027 |
10 Magistrates, effective 1/2/2025 (1/2 year cost in FY 2025) | $781,685 | $1,563,370 | $1,629,090 |
Judicial Bail Data Platform, effective 7/1/2024 (2-year IT Contract) | $986,000 | $0 | $0 |
Bail Data Platform - ongoing annual maintenance | $0 | $0 | $295,569 |
Judicial Training Coordinator, effective 1/2/2025 (1/2 year cost in FY 2025) | $82,000 | $151,000 | $157,000 |
Annual Bail Commissioner Training Stipends (Developed in FY 2025, first year FY 2026) | $0 | $5,000 | $5,000 |
Bail Commissioner Fees, effective 1/2/2025 | $636,000 | $1,272,000 | $1,272,000 |
Staff to pay bail commissioners and technology costs for new magistrates, effective 1/2/2025 | $50,000 | $100,000 | $100,000 |
TOTALS: | $2,535,685 | $3,091,370 | $3,458,659 |
The Department of Safety states it is not possible for the Department to calculate the fiscal impact of the changes to the bail system set forth in this bill. The most significant costs could come from housing and transporting defendants as well as the time associated with attempting to notify victims pending release of an individual arrested for a crime of violence against an individual person. The bill appropriates $750,000 in FY 2025 to the department of safety, division of state police, to develop and implement a system to electronically share an individual’s bail condition status with law enforcement.
The New Hampshire Municipal Association (NHMA) indicates that typically, arrest processing takes between 2-3 hours and timing is highly dependent on the availability of a bail commissioner or judge. In the case of offenses where a bail commissioner is called, the longest period of time is usually waiting for the bail commissioner to arrive at the police department. In areas where few commissioners reside, that wait time can exceed an hour. Depending on the location of the department, the court, the county correctional facility, and the time of day, arrests resulting in action pursuant to this legislation may or may not result in increased costs associated with processing. Additionally, alterations in the type of bail available for certain crimes may or may not see changes in local expenditures based on the likelihood of further or future offenses being committed, requiring additional expenditures related to investigation of those offenses. Similarly, the creation of an electronic monitoring system beyond what is already available may or may not result in additional expenditures depending on the need to perform additional (or fewer) investigations. The NHMA states the bill would appear to affect municipal expenditures in the proposed amendment to RSA 597:2-b. This would change police processes to require an attempt to contact an alleged victim in cases of a crime of violence against an individual person, including any act of stalking or criminal threatening, where a bail commissioner has granted the defendant personal recognizance (PR) bail. The bill would require
that the police department spend the hour following the issuance of PR attempting to contact the
alleged victim to let him/her know of the bail conditions and would require that the defendant not be released until after the department contacts the victim or the hour has elapsed. The NHMA makes the following assumptions:
NHMA indicates there may be additional costs associated with searching for alleged victims, including wear on equipment, gasoline costs, and other costs. Additionally, NHMA notes there may be no additional costs in instances where officers are already on duty and no additional wage costs would be incurred and/or when the alleged victim may be reachable by phone or immediately available in person and no additional costs would be incurred.
The New Hampshire Association of Counties states this bill would require all counties to set up an electronic monitoring program for those on pretrial/bail. The Association indicates that the counties anticipate the cost to establish this type of electronic monitoring program would be approximately $15 million a year. This cost would include hardware, software, and personnel to operate and execute the program. While there would be some reimbursement from persons on electronic monitoring, this reimbursement would be only for the hardware and not the additional expenses that go with the program. In addition, the Association indicates, while there would be insignificant costs to the county attorney’s offices; the costs to the correctional facilities are indeterminable. Such costs may include increased salary and technology costs to execute hearings outside of the current schedule with the expanded magistrate program. In addition, the requirement for certain offenses to go in front of a judge, could lead to increased holding costs at the county correctional facilities.
AGENCIES CONTACTED:
Department of Safety, Judicial Branch, New Hampshire Association of Counties and New Hampshire Municipal Association